English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

D ural arteriovenous fistulas are unique vascular shunts that can be discovered incidentally or after presentation with pulsatile tinnitus, ocular symptoms, focal neurologic deficits, and even hemorrhage. Their natural history is predicated on the shunt’s venous drainage pattern; presentation modality and venous ectasia are also independent factors influencing lesion natural history. Their management is often via endovascular embolization; surgical disconnection of high risk fistulas and radiosurgery for low risk shunts unamenable to embolization are also options. This article will provide a modern update on dural arteriovenous fistula pathophysiology, natural history and treatment approaches.

Cerebral Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas—an Update on Pathophysiology, Natural History and Treatment