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Among the classes of flavonoids, anthocyanins are considered the most active compounds contributing to the high antioxidant potential. Although onion production and consumption plays a key role in Romanian agrifood system, unfortunately red onions which have higher content of phytochemicals of pharmacological interest, have not gained the same popularity as the yellow ones. The aim of this study was to investigate the anthocyanin content (AC) of seven red onion cultivars from Romania and the ph and thermal stability of the obtained crude extracts. Several acidified and non-acidified ethanolic solutions were used in order to obtain high extraction yields in a discontinuous process. AC in dry skin of red onions, determined by ph differential spectrophotometrical method, was found higher than in fleshy bulb. Among investigated cultivars, the Red of Turda showed the highest value of AC (6.42 mg 100g fW) while the de Agnita showed the lowest AC (0.65 mg 100g fW). The results of the ph stability investigation of the crude extract performed during a 10-day period, showed higher stability under strong acidic conditions. Thermal analysis performed by differential scanning calorimetry (dSC) on the Red of Turda, indicated multiple events between exothermic peaks above 50 °C as result of induced chemical reactions which may influence the onion quality. At t>100 °C glass transitions were observed. The obtained results are important for the phytochemical characterization in terms of AC of red onions grown in Romanian area, in support of indigenous cultivars, being relevant for future epidemiological studies regarding the intake of anthocyanins through the diet. Although red onions are good sources of anthocyanins, the content differs greatly among cultivars. The dry skin of red onion is non-edible, but accumulates high levels of anthocyanins, showing great potential for developing natural bioactive ingredients with functional properties. Acknowledgement: This work was supported by a grant of the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research, CNCS — UEFISCDI, project number PN-II–ID-PCE-2011–3-0474.

INVESTIGATION OF THE ANTHOCYANIN CONTENT AND STABILITY OF CRUDE EXTRACTS FROM RED ONIONS (ALLIUM CEPA L.) GROWN IN ROMANIAN AREAS