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Modern societies are construed as a field of continuously transformed identities, manifesting themselves through various social practices. Our article aims to identify the factors which have an impact on the importance of identification practices as viewed by the population. Also provided is an assessment of how various subjects influence interethnic relations. The article presents the data of a sociological study titled “Features of Formation of a Profile of Identifications in the Conditions of Various Intensity of the Ethnocontact Environment” which was carried out by the authors in 2014 in the Yaroslavl and Vologda Oblasts and in the Republic of Dagestan. The study covered 1200 people, who had to fill in a questionnaire that was supposed to survey the notions of a balance between the civic, local, ethnic and religious components of identification. Other question blocks provided their opinions on the frequency and nature of contacts between representatives of various ethnic groups; on integration capability of interethnic communication in Russia; and on the impact social institutes may have on the destabilization of interethnic relations. The outcomes of our study clearly demonstrate that identification practices of the respondents residing in territories with a low level of ethnic contact intensity (Yaroslavl and Vologda Oblasts) frequently feature civic self-identification (over 2/3 of all respondents). Among the population of an ethnically heterogeneous region (in our case, the Republic of Dagestan), the civic and ethnic components are featured in a ratio of 2:1 — 53.1% and 23.0% of answers respectively. An overall assessment of interethnic communication in Russia is not unambiguous, according to our respondents. 48.9% of them supported an assertive view of the mutual interest based on trust and sympathy that exist between ethnicities, while 33.4% of survey participants admitted the existence of interethnic mistrust, indifference or even antipathy. Speaking of the destabilizing influences on interethnic relations, over a third of the respondents mentioned nationalist movements, mass media, the authorities as a whole, as well as some public officials in particular. Our research has shown that in current conditions the identification matrix of the residents of regions within one country as parts of a single social group comprises a hierarchical conglomerate of various social identifications. At the same time, various degrees of importance can be assigned to civic, local, religious and ethnic components depending on the particular ethnocontact environment they live in.

Значимость идентификаций в представлениях населения в контексте особенностей этноконтактной среды (на примере исследования в российских регионах)