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The present article addresses the regional mechanisms to control the proliferation of nuclear weapons, more specifically the proposal to create a Nuclear Weapon Free Zone (NWFZ) in the Middle East. First, the article draws a background on the non-proliferation regimen and the successful proposals to the creation of NWFZ in other regions of the world. After, the article revises the recent history of the Middle East, from the creation of the State of Israel, emphasizing the episodes related to the violation of the nonproliferation regimen and the disarmament initiatives. This article states that the creation of a NWFZ in the Middle East depends on the collaboration of the nuclear and regional powers, in the sense of not threatening and guaranteeing the security of middle eastern countries, also depends on the elaboration of national policies that include non-state actors, especially those regarded as a threat to stability and security of the region, and finally, also depends on the full compliance, by every state in the region, with the non-proliferation mechanisms that already exist. At the conclusion, the article lays stress upon the fact that, even though the creation of a NWFZ in the Middle East seems unlikely at the moment, international, national and sub national actors should commit to this goal in order to produce a safe environment to the addressing of other insecurities in the Middle East.

MECANISMOS REGIONAIS DE CONTROLE DA PROLIFERAÇÃO DE ARMAS NUCLEARES - A PROPOSTA DE UMA ZONA LIVRE DE ARMAS NUCLEARES NO ORIENTE MÉDIO