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espanolIntroduccion Diversos estudios han explorado la relacion entre los niveles de prolactina serica, la sintomatologia y la disfuncion cognitiva en individuos con alto riesgo de psicosis y pacientes con un primer episodio psicotico. Sin embargo, la relacion entre tales variables es poco comprendida en el caso de los pacientes cronicos con esquizofrenia. Objetivo Evaluar la relacion entre los niveles de prolactina, el deterioro neuropsicologico y la severidad de los sintomas en pacientes cronicos. Metodo Se evaluo un total de 31 pacientes. El rango de edad fue de 18 a 60 anos, quienes recibieron tratamiento antipsicotico durante un mes como minimo. Los datos se obtuvieron de entrevistas y de la aplicacion de la PANSS y la MCCB. La medicion de la prolactina se realizo con una muestra de 500 microlitros de suero, con una tecnica de quimioluminiscencia. Resultados La muestra estuvo compuesta en su mayoria por hombres (77.4%), con una edad media de 37.65 anos, 13.29 anos de escolaridad y una duracion de la enfermedad de 11.58 anos. No se observaron correlaciones entre los niveles de prolactina y los componentes y subescalas del PANSS. Solo en los pacientes varones se da una correlacion negativa entre los niveles de prolactina con la puntuacion global combinada de la bateria de MCCB y los dominios cognitivos de razonamiento y aprendizaje verbal. Discusion y conclusiones Los hombres diagnosticados con esquizofrenia pueden ser particularmente vulnerables a los efectos negativos de la hiperprolactinemia sobre la cognicion. Teoricamente, estos datos sugieren un efecto protector de las hormonas en las mujeres con esta enfermedad. EnglishIntroduction: several studies have explored the relationship between serum prolactin levels, symptomatology, and cognitive dysfunction in individuals at high risk for psychosis and patients with a first psychotic episode. However, the relationship between such variables is poorly understood in the case of chronic patients. Objective: to assess the relationship between prolactin levels, neuropsychological impairment, and symptom severity in patients with chronic schizophrenia. Method: a total of 31 patients with diagnosis of schizophrenia were evaluated between May and December 2018. The age range was 18 to 60 years, with patients receiving antipsychotic treatment during a month at least. Data was obtained from clinical records, interviews, clinimetry, and with the application of the PANSS and the MCCB battery. For the prolactin measurement, the analysis was performed on a sample of 500 microliters of serum, with a chemiluminescence technique. Results: the sample was comprised mostly by men (77.4%), with a mean age of 37.65 years, 13.29 years of formal education, and disease duration of 11.58 years. No correlations were observed between prolactin levels and PANSS components and subscales. Only in male patients is there a negative correlation was found between prolactin levels with the overall combined score of the MCCB battery and cognitive domains of reasoning and verbal learning. Discussion and conclusions: men diagnosed with schizophrenia may be particularly vulnerable to the negative effects of hyperprolactinemia on cognition. These preliminary data have clinical implications for close monitoring of prolactin and cognitive decline in males with schizophrenia. Theoretically, these data are suggestive of a protective effect of hormones in women with this condition.

Association between prolactin serum levels and cognitive function in chronic schizophrenia patients