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Soybean, Glycine max, is an important crop in Vietnam. The yield of this crop can be reduced up to 35% due to powdery mildew (PMD), a common disease in soybean. In the present study, we analyzed the PMD resistance of soybean accessions for two seasons and subsequently used SSR markers to determine the genetic diversity of these accessions. Twenty three SSR markers were used to amplify polymorphic SSRs from all of these genotypes in eighteen linkage groups. By analyzing 69 alleles for all accessions, the number of alleles ranged from 2 to 7 with an average of 4.3 at each locus. The polymorphic information content of each marker ranged from 0.104 (Sct_187) to 0.818 (Satt009) with a mean of 0.578. The pairwise coefficients of genetic similarity (Jaccard’s coefficients) among all genotypes ranged from 0.28 to 0.98 with an average of 0.61. Unweighted pair-group method arithmetic average and principal coordinate analysis separated the accessions into two major groups containing 28 and 6 accessions. The results of this study suggested some appropriate parent pairs based on genetic relationship as well as the yield and resistant characteristics of soybean accessions for breeding soybean accessions with PMD resistance and high yield characteristic.

Analysis of Powdery Mildew Resistant Characteristic and Genetic Relationship of Cultivated Soybean, Glycine max, in Vietnam for Parental Selection