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At the end of the Third Century, due to the administrative reforms carried out by Diocletian, occurred a wide conversion of the provincial governors into primary judges. Because of that the expression iudex ordinarius – or simply iudex – became a synonym of governor. So, much more than in the past, the provincial governor will be forced to deal with a rising amount of judicial demands. In this article, we aim to analyse the accusations brought by Libanius against the consularis Syriae Tisamenus who, according the author, would not be fulfilling his duties in a efficient way, leaving without support a great number of citizens. By means of the Libanius’ writings it is possible to grasp the provincials’ opinion regarding the governors appointed by Rome, especially regarding their role as judges in a context of acute social polarization, being the pauperis frequently victimized by the potentes. * Professor Titular de História Antiga da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (Ufes). Doutor em História pela Universidade de São Paulo, bolsista produtividade 1-C do CNPq e pesquisador do Laboratório de Estudos sobre o Império Romano (Leir). No momento, executa o projeto Protesto, trabalho e festa na cidade pós-clássica: a ocupação da rua pela população de Antioquia (séc. IV e V d.C.).

Limites e contradições do sistema jurídico romano: Libânio e a censura ao 'consularis syriae' Tisameno (séc. IV)