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The use of nanoparticles in rotational molding to enhance the melt characteristics and mechanical properties are increasing due to the limited choices of currently-available polymeric materials [1, 2]. Linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) is the most commonly-used polymer for rotational molding. Normally, micro scale additives like anti oxidants, fillers, UV stabilisers, etc., are blended with LLDPE and pulverized to fine powder before molding to obtain the desired products. These additives are generally not nano-scale particles, and hence, do not provide reinforcement to polymer chains. Even though these additives provide desired properties, like UV resistance, reduced product cost, thermal stability, etc, they may adversely affect the mechanical properties [3]. The improvements in mechanical properties, such as tensile strength, impact toughness, creep, stress relaxation, etc. were reported with addition of nano fillers like, organo clays [4], metal nanoparticles [5], titanium oxide [6], zinc oxide [7], calcium carbonate [8] and silica nanoparticles in a polymer matrix [9]. Along with the improvements in mechanical properties, cycle time reduction for the molding process is also highly desired. From our previous studies, it was observed that the nano-composites of LLDPE-FS up to 4 wt% FS provided acceptable melt flow characteristics for rotational molding [10]. In this study, nanoparticles of silica up to 4 wt% in the form of fumed silica (FS) having primary particle size in the range of 5–50 nm was dry mixed with LLDPE using a high speed mixer and was melt blended and pulverized in a commercial melt extruder and pulverizer. These blends (LLDPE-4%FS) were rotationally molded in a bi-axial rotational molding machine for studying the dynamic mechanical properties and cycle time. A unique fixture was made to study the mold release force at various temperatures and rates of pulling. The effect on maximum pulling force on commonly used mold materials, aluminum (grade 2024) and mild steel (grade S275), were studied with various LLDPE-FS blends. The PIAT (Peak internal air temperature) during rotational molding was studied using a Templogger, which records and transmits temperature readings wirelessly. The dynamic mechanical properties and viscoelastic creep was studied using DMA Q800 from TA instruments.

nanosistemy: fizika, himiâ, matematika

Investigations on cycle time reduction, dynamic mechanical properties and creep for rotationally moldable nano composites of linear low density polyethylene and fumed silica