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K e y w o r d s : in vitro culture, Eranthis stellata, micropropagation, conservation Р Е З Ю М Е Эрст А.А., Эрст А.С. Размножение в культуре in vitro Eranthis stellata (Ranunculaceae), эндемичного вида с ограниченным распространени­ ем на Дальнем Востоке России, Северо­Востоке Китая и в Северной Корее. Впервые введен в культуру in vitro Eranthis stellata, сем. Ranunculaceae. Показана эффективность использования в качестве первичных эксплантов цветоносов с недоразвитыми бутонами. Отмечено, что на этапе введения в культуру in vitro экспланты необходимо культивировать при пониженной температуре (+17°C) в темноте для преодоления фенольного окисления. Питательная среда 1⁄2 MS, дополненная 5 μM 6-бензиламинопукина, является оптимальной для размножения данного вида: морфогенный ответ составил 32 %, ко эф фициент размножения 4.2 шт./эксплант. Ключевые слова: культура in vitro, Eranthis stellatа, микроразмножение, сохранение Anna Alekseevna Erst1* e-mail: annaerst@yandex.ru Andrey Sergeevich Erst1,2 e-mail: erst_andrew@yahoo.com 1 Central Siberian Botanical Garden SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia 2 Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia * corresponding author Manuscript received: 12.06.2020 Review completed: 20.08.2020 Accepted for publication: 21.08.2020 Published online: 25.08.2020 Anna A. Erst1* & Andrey S. Erst1,2 In vitro propagation of Eranthis stellata (Ranunculacea), endemic species with narrow distribution in the Russian Far East, Northeast China and North Korea Three species of the genus Eranthis Salisb. are recorded in Russia: E. sibirica DC, E. stellata Maxim., and E. tanhoensis Erst (Malyshev 2005, Erst et al. 2020). The range of E. stel­ lata includes Northeastern China, North Korea, and Far Eas tern Russia, where it grows in waterlogged forest valleys, coniferous and coniferous-deciduous forests, and floodplain meadows near forest rivers and streams. The species is common in Primorye Territory and occurs sparsely in adjacent areas. It is listed in the Red Books of the Amur Re gion (Darman 2009) (as Shibateranthis stellata (Maxim.) Na kai), Jewish Auto no mous Region (Yakubov 2006), and Kha ba rovsk Territory (Babkina & Safonova 2008) and is re ferred to as category 3G – a rare species found locally in the western range. Similar to many other geophytes, species of the genus Eranthis have great potential as ornamental plants. For example, the European species E. hyemalis (L.) Salisb. shows a high rate of vegetative propagation by tubers and is widely cultured (Marcinkowski 2002). Mayorov & Vi nogra dova (2013) classify E. hyemalis as a potentially invasive spe cies. However, according to available literature data, the re newal rate of white-flowering Eranthis is not high under con ditions of introduction. For example, E. sibirica is con sidered unsuitable for introduction to the territory of Siberia (Sobolevskaya 1984, Semenova 2007). Seed propagation of the representatives of the genus Eranthis is restricted due to morpho-physiological dormancy of seeds associated with underdeveloped embryos, which are cha rac teristic of many representatives of the family Ranun culaceae (Baskin & Baskin 1986, Bullowa & Ozeri 1975, Forbis & Diggle 2001). For example, a 4-month cold stra tifi cation is required to germinate the seeds of E. hyemalis and E. longistipitata Regel (Tipirdamaz & Gomurgen 2000, Erst & Erst 2019). The seeds of E. stellata are found to rapidly lose the germinative ability of freshly harvested seeds, and af ter 2 months of storage in the laboratory, they completely lose ger mi native ability (Nesterova 2004). All species of Eranthis are rare and endemic, and their re newal rate is quite low. Therefore, effective methods of pro pa ga tion and conservation of these species should be developed, including biotechnological methods. No me thods of Eranthis propagation in vitro has been developed pre viously. How ever, many studies report the potential of this method for the propagation and conservation of geo phytes (Ziv & Lilien-Kipnis 2000, Ozcan et al. 2007, Cıg & Bas do gan 2015, Podwyszynska 2015, Muraseva & Novikova 2018). The choice of explants to initiate aseptic culture is the first stage and one of the most important stages of pro paga tion in vitro. The use of underground plant organs (rhizome buds, bulbs, tubers) often causes high culture con tami na tion (Seyring 2002, Cıg & Basdogan 2015), but they are still some of the most common types of explants used for the introduction of geophytes to culture in vitro. It is the un der ground organs of geophytes that have renewal buds. They are rich in storage compounds, which contribute to their high regenerative ability.

botanica pacifica

In vitro propagation of Eranthis stellata (Ranunculacea), endemic species with narrow distribution in the Russian Far East, Northeast China and North Korea