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Inflammatory diseases are an important health concern, and the growing rate is on the rise. Finding a safe drug for these diseases remains an important issue. The study aimed to determine the nitric oxide (NO) scavenging as well as anti-inflammatory activities of Musa paradisiaca (banana). Musa paradisiaca plant parts used in this study namely tepal, skin (peel) and flesh (pulp) were extracted with methanol (tepal, flesh and skin), ethanol (tepal) and water (tepal) using cold maceration technique. Phytochemicals screening of the extracts was carried out. The ability of the extracts to scavenge NO radical was evaluated using Griess reagent. The anti-inflammatory activity of the extracts was assessed by evaluating the ability of the extract to inhibit RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line from generating harmful NO induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In order to determine the toxicity of the extracts to the cells while exerting its anti-inflammatory activity,cytotoxicity was measured using MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay.The extract was found to contain bioactive chemicals like flavonoids, saponins, phenols, etc. Maximum NO radical inhibition of 41.05% was recorded in the tepal aqueous extract, and minimum inhibition of 22.34% was recorded in the flesh extract. All others showed mild inhibition as well. Flesh extract has the highest NO (generated by LP) inhibitory activity, with the maximum inhibition of 52.21% at 250 µg/mL, followed by tepal aqueous extract with maximum inhibition of 48.16% at 62.5 μg/mL. The least inhibition was noted in the tepal methanol extract that has the maximum inhibition of 19.63% at 62.5 μg/mL. The viability of the activated macrophages was not affected by the extracts as confirmed by the MTT assay, thereby indicating that the inhibition of NO synthesis by the extracts was not due to cytotoxic effects. Overall, Musa paradisiaca plant parts have the potential as anti-inflammatory and studies in this aspect should be intensified.

IN VITRO NITRIC OXIDE SCAVENGING AND ANTI INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITIES OF DIFFERENT SOLVENT EXTRACTS OF VARIOUS PARTS OF Musa paradisiaca