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Background: The material placed into the nest should provide comfort to both does and their kits. Objective: To evaluate the effect of different nesting materials on rabbit doe performance and nest building. Methods: Thirty primiparous rabbit does were randomized allotted in a block design with three treatments and ten replicates each. The treatments consisted of nest bedding with wood shavings (280 g, control), Tifton hay (220 g), and thin strips of newspaper (200 g). The state of the nest was assessed to evaluate mixing of the material with doe’s hair and preservation of the original material. Kit body weight, daily weight gain, and survival rate were evaluated from birth to weaning. Results: The nesting material did not affect the mixing level of material and hair, amount of hair in the nest, body weight, daily weight gain, or survival rate of rabbits from birth to 35 d of age (p > 0.05). However, preservation of original material in the nest was lower when Tifton hay was used (p 0.05). No correlation (p > 0.05) was observed between material preservation and hair presence or mixture level between both. Positive correlation between hair presence and mixture level (p 0,05); sin embargo, la preservacion del material original en el nido fue menor cuando el heno de Tifton fue usado (p 0,05). No hubo correlacion (p > 0,05) entre preservacion del material en el nido con presencia de vello o nivel de mezcla en los nidos. Hubo una correlacion positive entre la presencia de vello en el nido y el nivel de mezcla (p 0,05), entretanto, a preservacao do material original no ninho foi menor quando o feno de Tifton foi usado (p 0,05). Nao houve correlacao (p > 0,05) entre preservacao do material no ninho com presenca de pelo ou nivel de mistura nos ninhos. Houve correlacao positiva entre a presenca de pelo no ninho com nivel de mistura (p < 0,001). Conclusao: Feno de Tifton e jornal cortado em tiras podem ser usados como revestimento de ninhos para coelhas gestantes, substituindo a maravalha sem efeitos negativos sobre o comportamento de construcao do ninho da coelha nem sobre o desempenho dos laparos do nascimento ate o desmame, considerando-se o primeiro parto. Palavras chave: comportamento materno, crescimento de coelhos, desenvolvimento de coelhos, habilidade materna, material alternativo para ninho.

Nesting materials for does: effect on nest building and performance in the first parturition