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Phytochemicals are recognized as bioactive components in herbal medicines that can cure or prevent atherosclerosis through affecting the involved factors. This study used several methods to investigate the performance of aqueous extracts from some Thai weeds on antioxidants and an atherosclerosis-related enzyme inhibitor. The inhibitory effect of aqueous extracts was expressed as the percentage of inhibition at a concentration of 500 µg/mL. GS-MS analysis was used to identify isolated compounds in sample extracts. The antioxidant activities were examined using DPPH, ABTS, nitric oxide radical scavenging and oxidation of LDL. The results showed that the aqueous extract from the leaves of  Bidens pilosa  had greater inhibitory effects than others (71.23, 57.89 and 50.09%, respectively, except ABTS); however,  B. pilosa  had weaker inhibition than the positive controls. Pancreatic lipase and 15-lipoxygenase (15-LO) had inhibitory effects regarding atherosclerosis-related enzyme activity. We found that  Euphorbia hirta  had stronger inhibitory activity against PL and 15-LO than other extracts (30.47 and 84.66%, respectively). Moreover,  E. hirta  had similar activity to quercetin against 15-LO (89.25%). Our results indicated that  B. pilosa  was a source of bioactive compounds such as antioxidants, while  E. hirta  was a source of bioactive compounds against enzymes responsible for causing atherosclerosis disease.

Performance of Some Thai Weed Extracts on Antioxidants and Atherosclerosis- Related Enzymes