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The introduction of bananas into New Caledonia is directly linked with the arrival of various peoples on the islands of the Pacic. The genetic characterisation of bananas culti- vated in Asia and in the Pacic (Carreel 1993,1994, Lebot et al. 1993) has enabled their relation with wild species to be demonstrated which in turn can be used to put forward strong hypotheses concerning the various migrations of people in the Pacic area and to better understand the so- cio-cultural role that the banana cultivars Maoli and Popou- lou occupy in New Caledonia’s Kanak society some 3500 years after their introduction. At the present time there are still “true” bananas and “ others”. The former which were introduced by the rst people to arrive have a sacred an- cestral value as well as a social role, while the latter, in- troduced during the period of colonisation have gradually become revenue generating crops.  Abstract in Xâracuu language Ke pe jati nâ re pwi to xu nei a Caledonie, e ge wâ ke fade re deeri me ba towâ mii wâ nei bwa to Pacique. Wâ ke bware ne re, pwâ re me kwio wâ pwi dobwa e na nâu re to nepwe kete Asie me Pacique (Carreel 1993,1994, Lebot et al. 1993) fa ba gwere ke na bwa re pwi e nau me pwi bwa e tue cicoo. E du ke te gwere ke fade nâ re deeri to nepwe kete Pacique, ne du ke te xwae tepe re pwi Maoli me Popoulou towâ muru re ka nguru ke Caledonie, 3500 xwâda neduu ke toa nâre pwi. Nâmwâ e xwi nâ « dopwi »me pwi pwângara. « Dopwi » u pe me nâ re ke deeri bwa ri toa mââ nâ to xu nei a, e baa nâ kwio segu me tepe re to wâ xwâ segu re kaa nguru. Mii pwi de, e toa nâ wi re ka pwângara, e na pwâwâ nau re ri nâ ke xwiri nge pwâ re.

Bananas in New Caledonian Kanak Society: Their socio-cultural value in relation with their origins