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Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) has strong anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti obesity, and anticancer effects. The effect of different pomegranate extracts, PE (peel extract), SOE (seed oil extract), and PJ (pomegranate juice) extract on levels of kidney caspase-3, DNAF (DNA fragmentation) and kidney function tests in rats treated and untreated with DEN (diethyl nitrosamine) and PB (Phenobarbital) during short (35 days) and long (154 days) period was studied. Injected of rats with DEN and PB caused an increased in the levels of DNAF, caspase-3 and kidney function tests, compared to the control in both period of study. Treatment of rats with PE, SOE, PJ pre, during, and post DEN and PB administration improved kidney function and decreased the levels of DNAF, and caspase-3 activities compared to the DEN group in both period of study, indicates that PE, SOE, PJ reduced and treatment apoptosis induced by DEN and PB. Treatment of healthy rats with PE, SOE, and PJ only for 35 days not increased kidney function or induced apoptosis for kidney tissues. Treatment with PJ alone in healthy kidney induced apoptosis which was higher than that induced by SOE and PE in case of long period study, this mean that fresh fruit or pomegranate juice safe for healthy in general at harvesting season only.

Short and Long Term Effects of Pomegranate (Punica Granatum) Extracts on Apoptosis in Rat Kidney Induced by Diethylnitrosamine and Phenobarbital