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Since the establishment of European Union (EU) on November 1, 1993, China has been developing its economic relations with EU at a rapid pace. The bilateral trade interdependency is enhanced correspondingly. However, the Sino-European political relations are of cooperative and conflicting nature all the time. The political attitude of EU toward China becomes even more active with more defensive mind as the Sino-European relations underwent four stages of evolution, namely, long-term relations, constructive partnership, mature partnership and competitive partnership. Chinese government has always held an attitude of proactively developing relations with the EU. In 1998, China established the “cooperative partnership” with EU. In 2001, the cooperative partnership was upgraded into “comprehensive partnership”. In 2003, China advocated the establishment of the “comprehensive strategic partnership” with Europe and established “strategic partnership” with many member states of EU. Despite the smooth development in Sino-European relations, the political relations between China and EU saw conflicts and frictions from time to time. For instance, European Parliament issued resolutions against China from time to time. With regard to certain important international political issues, China has sharply different opinions with EU.

Cooperation and Conflict: Duality of the Sino-European Political Relations—A Perspective of Cultural Values