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The Oud is a pear-shaped stringed instrument with 11 or 13 strings grouped in 5 or 6 courses, commonly used in Persian, Arabic, Greek, Turkish, Jewish, Byzantine, Azerbaijani, Armenian, North African and Middle Eastern music. Oud had been widely popular before 17th century among society, and it provided moral and spiritual nourishment. This musical instrument was created by singer Borbad who lived in the period of Khisrav Parviz who was Sosoniy King and it was in the novel of “Khisrav and Shirin” (Nizami Ganjavi). Oud was also described in Kitab al-Musiqa al-Kabir (The Book of Music) by Farabi. Moreover, Alishir Navoi showed the connection of the science of music with spiritual world in verses of his priceless heritage. The poet assessed the sound features of the musical instruments in his book Mahbub ul-Qulub. Additionally he has written, “While the sound of Chang (struck zither) is torturing, sound of Oud is more touching.” Sometimes Navoi used the Oud in musician’s hands as an artistic image in order to illustrate his torture to reader. He described his condition very vividly and skillfully. This is probably because Oud has unique wail, which cannot be heard in any other instruments.

Portrayal of “Oud” Musical Instrument in Creative Work of Alisher Navoi