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Teaching is a stressful profession characterizing the work of teachers. The Neoliberal reforms have added a further burden on teachers’ work, increasing stress at work and resulting in negative health, occupational and economic consequences. The aims of the study were to examine the perceptions of stress factors among Arab teachers in Israel, and the relationship between Arab teachers’ stress factors by types of school (elementary, middle school, and high school) and gender. Stress factors were measured by using an instrument developed by Ablin et al. (2010). Three hundred forty-two public school Arab teachers participated in the study, of whom 230 were female and 112 were male. One hundred twenty-five worked in elementary schools, 78 in middle schools, and 130 in high schools. The most stressful factors among Arab teachers were “busy schedule and lack of flexibility”, “the student composition of the class”, and “conflicting requirements between school assignments and home responsibilities”. Significant statistical differences were found between teachers’ stress factors by gender and school type. Female teachers rated stress factors “the student composition of the class” and “conflicting requirements between school assignments and home responsibilities” higher than male teachers. Elementary teachers rated stress factors “student parents”, “lack of proper physical conditions”, and “requirement to teach a subject other than one’s specialty” higher than high school teachers. Middle school teachers rated stress factors “school management”, “general supervisor”, and “requirement to teach a subject other than one’s specialty” higher than primary school teachers. The leading stressor in this study is a result of educational disparities between Jews and Arabs. Israel formally purports to embrace the liberal responsibility of providing educational and development opportunities to all of its citizens, enabling them to actualize their full potential as human beings.

Separate But not Equal: Stressors in the Work of Arab Teachers in Israel