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In this paper I would like to highlight the relationship between individual and collective trauma through the presentation of clinical material with abused patients who lived highly traumatic situations that damaged their symbolic capacity and pain elaboration. The analytic setting changes to become a container corresponding to the “object of need”. In cases of traumatized patients, it is necessary to build a living space, “a witness space” as the premise of the beginning of a real analytic relationship, often difficult to attain partly due to distressing counter-transference experiences. In my view, the role of a more or less active witness may be established in response to a solicitation from the patient who signals its current inability to tolerate feeling in a relational situation because it is too painful and persecutory. I will consider a case in individual analysis and a case in analytic psychodrama group showing common features relating to the helplessness and dehumanization experienced in relationships with people on whom they depend, that preclude any possibility of healthy emotional attachment and subjective recognition. The function of witness keeps alive the hope of being able to change even when dejection, indecision, discomfort make you feel in a foreign land without confidence but with so many fears.

Trauma: Terror and Pain. Importance of the Witness in the Analytical Relationship in Individual and Group Psychoanalysis