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Olivier Roy curiously forgets the ethical and ideal contribution of the Italian federalist Altiero Spinelli in founding and shaping the concept of a common European and peaceful legal system, preferring to give tribute to Schuman, De Gasperi, and Adenauer, three faithful and devoted politicians remembered as moderately conservative. Spinelli was a sincere secular liberal and radical intellectual and it probably means that the idea of Europe in the sense of an autonomous political subject is just not a Roman-catholic heritage (Burgess, 2006). A The aim of this essay is to retrace the latest theses and hypotheses formulated by Olivier Roy, an influent European scholar who has worked almost all his entire academic drifting in the scientific fields of sociology, political thought, and more recently even in the pragmatic theory of comparative public law. His researches have had seminal consequences in the liberal debate related to the importance of religions in the so called “public sphere”, significantly evolving the level and the deepness of studies on secularization. To recognize this leading figure and the high quality of his historical and political formation does not mean to refuse an open-oriented confrontation with two aspects apparently undervalued in Olivier Roy’s works. First of all, we can still consider (and emphasize) the necessity of a legal theoretical contribution to justify the transition of religions from their static and original normative demand to their current pluralistic variety of internal legal schools, accents, and especially customary practices. Subsequently, we have to image an ultimate criterion to recompose the differences in every cult and in getting an ideally political point of view from each religious belonging in an always more crumbled juridical culture. It cannot be anymore the defense of the Christian roots of Western liberalism, but it could become the opportunity to embrace the universality of human dignity and to tackle the strength of the most arduous social issues in the multicultural society we are living in.

The Misconception of Religion as the Legal External Appearance of Identity? The Latest Studies of Olivier Roy