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Colombia enjoys considerable ethnic diversity, although its indigenous population, part of the world’s shared cultural heritage has been reduced by various factors, including displacement, poverty, and poor access to timely and quality healthcare. The present study is focused on diagnosing health problems, particularly anemia, through a description of hematological findings amongst men and woman aged 18 to 50 years, living at various altitudes, and belonging to several different indigenous communities: the Huitoto and Embera of Caqueta, Florencia; the Bora, Muinane, Okaina, Huitoto communities of La Chorrera, Amazonas; and the Yanaconas of Bogota, D.C. Tests performed included automated hemogram tests, ferritin, c-reactive protein, and parasitological assessment to correlate the presence of anemia and parasitism. The authors used a quantitative and transversal, structured, non-experimental, correlational, stratified sample design with 105 samples (51 men, 54 women). The results showed that 7.8% (4/51) of the men had anemia, compared with 29.6% (16/54) of the women—more than triple the incidence of the male population. Moreover, we found a higher incidence of anemia in rural areas, where the majority of the country’s indigenous populations live. In the parasitological study, 87.7% (50/57) of the participants tested positive for intestinal parasites. These findings are expected to help authorities implement more effective responses to health issues in these communities.

Description of the Health Status of Colombian Indigenous Communities Through Basic Laboratory Tests