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One of the natural products which have been used as a folk medicine is propolis. It is reported to exhibit several biological activities. Trace and macro-element profiles in propolis provided information enough to develop the classification of the geological origin of propolis. The geological origin of propolis determines its biological properties. It has become a promising anticancer natural agent in the recent days. The first purpose of this study was to determine macro-element and heavy metal contents of raw propolis samples originating from Giresun, a rainy and temperate region of Turkey. The second purpose of this study was to assess cell viability on glioblastoma cell lines of propolis samples. Macro-element and heavy metal contents (Mg, Na, Al, Si, K, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn) of raw propolis samples from Giresun, were evaluated using inductively coupled plasma spectrometer with mass detection. Glioblastoma cell lines were exposed to different concentrations of propolis, and the apoptotic levels were determined using apoptosis assay. Additional cell viability and proliferation were analyzed by XXT assay. We used the XTT assay to assess cellular proliferation and viability. Turkish propolis is rich in the minerals. Potasium content was at a relatively higher level than other elements in samples from various regions of Turkey. The results obtained indicate no pollution of the collection areas. Results showed that apoptotic cell population increased significantly in glioblastoma cell lines exposed to increasing concentrations of propolis extracts. We reported the antiproliferative activity of these propolis on cancer cells. We suggested the induction of apoptosis after treatment with Turkish propolis on glioblastoma cell lines. Further studies are needed to advance in the understanding of the molecular basis of apoptosis induction on by Turkish propolis.

Elementery Analysis and anti-Tumor Activity on Glioblastoma Cell Lines of Propolis Samples from Giresun Province of Turkey