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Abstract: Objective: To compare the effect of EEM (Euphorbia milii) extract in various dose for NKp46 expression in mice infected with MTB (Mycobacterium tuberculosis). Methods: An experimental study with 24 mice Balbc were divided into 8 groups of treatment which is observed at weeks I and II. All groups were infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain H37Rv then each successive group was given sterile distilled water (P0.1 and P0.2), extract of EEM 5 mg/20 grbw (gram body weight) (P1.1 and P1.2), 10 mg/20 grbw (P2.1 and P2.2), and 15 mg/20 grbw (P3.1 and P3.2). Then, termination in each group at weeks I (P0.1, P1.1, P2.1 and P3.1) and II (P0.2, P1.2, P2.2 and P3.2). Pulmonary organ harvesting conducted for immunohistochemistry of NKp46 expression. Result: Quantitative results of NKp46 expression from successive groups (1 to 8) are 48.33, 25.33, 58.67, 46.67, 35.67, 58.67, 61.33 and 40.67, respectively. One Way ANOVA showed significant difference between groups (P < 0.05). Conclusions: EEM with doses of 5 mg/20 grbw and 15 mg/20 grbw are able to increase the expression of NKp46 in the second week, whereas a dose of 10 mg/20 grbw is able to increase expression of NKp46 on the first and second week. It is make an opinion if EEM with 10 mg/20 grbw is the optimal dose to increase the expression of NKp46 in mice infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Key word: Lung tuberculosis, natural killer cells, Euphorbia milii, NKp46.

The Optimal Dose of Euphorbia milii Extracts in NKp46 Expression against Mice Infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis