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This paper explores female images in the so-called “women’s revenge” film genre of the 70s and 80s, produced in Japan, Hong Kong, and Taiwan. On the surface, these films invariably attracted an audience in that period by using a lavish amount of sexual elements; underneath the women characters follow a drastically different trajectory amidst the historical and societal changes of the respective settings. That suggests that these B pictures should not be considered “abhorrent” by normal citizens, due to they have reverberations, as the violent female serves as a signifier to reflect social repression. However, pornography ends such erotic films as a type in Japan, Taiwan, and Hong Kong, these revenge films go through a transfiguration for several reasons, such as mafia control, decolonization, fear, and censorship. This paper will not uncover all the background issues as western-inspired film scholarship delves into such neglected “bad” movies, these women’s revenge films reveal their own heteroglossia, which sets up a peculiar chronotop in a Bakhtinian interpretation. Cultural study can widen the spectrum of research into many un-discovered areas, such as these campy but interesting bad movies.

From Tenderness to Merciless: The Transfigured Female Identity of Women’s Revenge Films During the 70s to 80s Across Japan, Hong Kong, and Taiwan