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Solos sao colecoes de corpos naturais, constituido de parte solida, liquida e gasosa, onde ocorre ocasionalmente modificacao por atividades antropicas. A indevida utilizacao agricola dos solos em areas de preservacao permanente (APP) faz com que a estrutura desses solos seja alterada, causando o comprometimento dessas areas e, consequentemente, sua degradacao. Este trabalho objetivou, atraves da utilizacao do ensaio de compressao uniaxial, avaliar as alteracoes na densidade do solo e porosidade total do solo em duas classes de solo (Cambissolo Haplico e Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo) sob diferentes carregamentos (carga de 25 kPa, carga referente a pressao de pre-consolidacao e carga de 1600 kPa), teores de agua e uso do solo (mata nativa e cultivo de banana). O trabalho foi realizado na Bacia Hidrografica do Ribeira de Iguape, no municipio de Registro, Sao Paulo. As avaliacoes foram realizadas em amostras indeformadas de solo coletadas na camada de 0 a 0,05 m. O estudo foi definido por um arranjo experimental em delineamento inteiramente casualizado e em esquema fatorial. Verificou-se que a carga aplicada e o teor de agua nas amostras de solo sao os fatores que mais afetam a estrutura dos solos para as condicoes estudadas. O Argissolo apresentou uma maior estabilidade e melhor estruturacao do solo nas areas marginais aos rios. A preservacao das matas nas APP`s ao longo dos rios confere maior estabilidade, resistencia e conservacao da estrutura do solo. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Pressao de pre-consolidacao, densidade, porosidade total, Vale do Ribeira. STRUCTURAL VARIATION ON RIO RIBEIRA DE IGUAPE WATERSHED APP SOILS IN RESPONSE TO USE AND HISTORY OF TENSION ABSTRACT: Soils are collections of natural bodies, consisting of solid, liquid, and gas parts, where it occasionally occurs modifications by anthropogenic activities. The increasing use of agricultural soils in areas of permanent preservation (APP) changes soil structure, causing the impairment of these areas and, consequently, its degradation. Thus, this study aimed, through the use of the uniaxial compression test, to evaluate changes on soil's density and total porosity in two soil types (Cambisol Untilsoil Red-Yellow) under different load pressures (25 kPa, pre-consolidation pressure and 1600 kPa), at different water contents, and under two land uses (native forest and banana plantations). The study was conducted at the watershed of Rio Ribeira de Iguape, in the city of Registro, Sao Paulo. Undisturbed soil samples were collected in the soil layer of 0 - 0.05 m. This study was defined by a completely randomized factorial design. It was found that the applied load and the water content in the soil samples are the most important factors affecting soil structure in areas of permanent preservation. The soil class of Untilsoil presents greater stability and better soil structure in marginal areas of the rivers. The use of land with woods in permanent preservation areas along rivers gives greater stability and resistance to soil structure. KEYWORDS: Preconsolidation pressure, bulk density, total porosity, Vale do Ribeira.

VARIAÇÃO ESTRUTURAL DO SOLO EM RESPOSTA AO USO E HISTÓRIA DE TENSÃO, EM APP DA BACIA HIDROGRÁFIA DO RIO RIBERIA DE IGUAPE