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The aim of this work was to determine the impact of various heat-treatment processes and parameters on the substrate hardness and fracture toughness combination and subsequently on the wear properties and subsurface deformation of coated tool steel under dynamic impact loading. Powder-metallurgy steels used as a substrate material were vacuum heat treated under six different conditions and combined with deep cryogenic treatment and nitriding with the aim to modify the hardness and fracture toughness. A TiAlN monolayer with 2-μm thickness was used for all the substrates. In order to evaluate the impact failure of the coating a ball-on-plate impact fatigue test was designed and used. It was shown that the use of a cryogenic treatment can increase the fracture toughness from 10 % up to 67 % while maintaining the same hardness for some cold-work tool steels, when on others it can have a negative effect. Regarding the static load-carrying capacity, the most important feature of the substrate is its hardness, which at working hardness of 63–64 HRc already provides good static load-carrying capacity of the coated substrate. The increased fracture toughness achieved by the deep cryogenic treatment can at very high and/or very low hardness of the substrate have a negative impact on the dynamic wear properties of the coated surfaces. On the other hand, in the case of vacuum heat treatment that ensures an adequate working hardness of 63–64 HRc, the deep cryogenic treatment improves the impact wear resistance of coated surfaces.

Influence of the substrate hardness and fracture toughness on the dynamic wear properties of coated tool steels