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Wild relatives of common wheat, Triticum aestivum L, are potential sources of valuable genetic materials for wheat improvement. In the center of origin of wheat, the Fertile Crescent, diploid and polyploid wheat species exhibit huge morphological and ecological diversity. Iran constitutes a part of this center, where the first cereals were domesticated. A collection of twenty-four Triticum and Aegilops accessions belonging to four diploid (T. monococcum, Ae. umbellulata, Ae. caudata and Ae. squarrosa), five tetraploid (T. dicoccoides, T. dicoccum, Ae. crassa (4x), Ae. cylindrica, Ae. triuncialis) and two hexaploid (T. compactum, Ae. crassa (6x)) species and sampled from different eco-geographical regions of Iran were evaluated for diversity in morphological and agronomical characters. Four synthetic hexaploid wheat lines provided by CIMMYT, a durum wheat cultivar, and two bread wheat cultivars were also included in this study. Morphological diversity was analyzed using a set of twenty five qualitative and quantitative characters. Cluster analysis of qualitative traits of the 31 genotypes using the Dice coefficient followed by UPGMA algorithm revealed three major clusters having 11, 16 and 4 genotypes, respectively. Considerable variation was observed between species for qualitative characters and interand intraspecific variation for quantitative traits were significantly different.

Evaluation of diversity in wild relatives of wheat (key note)