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Doubled haploids (DH) are presently used in breeding of a number of crop species. This method enables breeders to develop completely homozygous genotypes from heterozygous parents in one single generation. Doubled haploids allow to fix recombinant gametes directly as fertile homozygous lines. Time saving is the most obvious advantage, because yield and other traits can be tested much earlier than with conventional lines. DH lines in oilseed rape are commonly produced from F 1 hybrids by means of chromosome doubling. Every doubled haploid produced could be a potential cultivar. Yield tests begin usually in the R 3 generation, and field selection is used to identify lines with the desirable combinations of characters. The doubled haploid method reduces the time needed to develop and to release new cultivars by approx. 2–4 years in comparison with conventional techniques. The objective of this work was to survey the utilisation of doubled haploids in oilseed rape breeding and to present some results obtained with this method in the Czech Republic.

Utilisation of doubled haploids in winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) breeding