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Three-year trials were conducted to study germination and emergence of prickly lettuce ( Lactuca serriola L.) achenes, increments of shoot dry matter and susceptibility of the weed to selected herbicides. The germination rates of achenes at 10°C (92%), 20°C (97%) and 30°C (95%) did not indicate any significant differences within 20 days from sowing. The highest percentage emergence of prickly lettuce achenes was determined after their sowing into a depth of 1 mm. Differences from the variants of sowing onto the soil surface (0 mm), into a depth of 10 and 20 mm were significant. There were no differences in the emergence rates from a depth of 10 and 20 mm. The highest increments of shoot dry matter were observed when prickly lettuce plants were grown for 4–7 weeks after sowing at 20°C. The effect of selected herbicides on prickly lettuce plants treated at the stage of 2–3 true leaves was evaluated on the basis of a change in the content of shoot dry matter. A significant decrease in dry matter against the control was recorded in all variants after herbicide application. The effect (expressed by a lower dry matter content) was significantly higher after the combination amidosulfuron + iodosulfuron-methyl + mefenpyr-diethyl (10 + 2.5 + 25 g/ha) was used than after the application of tribenuron (10.85 g/ha) and picolinafen + cyanazine (120 g + 480 h). The effect of amidosulfuron (22.5 g/ha) was significantly higher than in the variants treated with tribenuron, picloram + clopyralid (16.75 + 66.75 g/ha), clopyralid (90 g/ha) and picolinafen + cyanazine (150 + 600 g/ha). The best effects were produced by herbicides containing amidosulfuron and iodosulfuron as active ingredients.

Germination and emergence of prickly lettuce (Lactuca serriola L.) and its susceptibility to selected herbicides