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The contemporary regional economics sees clusters as geographically close groups of companies and other connecting organizations (mainly universities, research institutions and other professional associations and workplaces) that work together while they also mutually compete. Clusters play in an increasingly strong role in the globalized economy. Their existence contributes to the growth of the participating companies as well as the industries. Working clusters can maintain a competitive advantage despite the efforts of others to imitate their activities. The origin of sustainable competitive advantages can be seen in the combination of internal and external resources that are available in the national or regional business environment. The resources themselves, however, are not sufficient. A prerequisite of competitive sectors and regions is their dynamics. The very clusters affect in a positive way the dynamics of resources and mutual collaboration between the participants of the economic system, while maintaining a healthy competitive environment. Despite the fact that the naturally born clusters have existed for centuries and their formation is driven primarily by market factors, there has been prevailing in the recent decades a positive view of the controlled and driven development of clusters in developed countries. Organized clusters are being called the cluster initiative. In recent years, there was a relatively rapid development of cluster initiatives also in the territory of the Visegrad countries due to national programs and subsidies from the EU structural funds. This paper reacts to the situation. The aim of the paper is to idenfity the clusters currently existing in the tourism, agriculture and food sector in the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia and to analyze their regional dispersion, structure and activities. The analysis includes all currently active clusters on which it is possible to obtain relevant and compareable data. The data used in the study comes from the specific cluster intitiatives, the database of the National Cluster Association of the Czech Republic and from the materials of the state agencies specialized on the management of custer policies of the Visegrad Group countries such as: the CzechInvest; the Slovak Innovation and Energy Agency, the Hungarian Economic Development Centre and the Polish Agency for Enterprise Development.

Clusters in tourism, agriculture and food processing within the Visegrad Group