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The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of sex determination after microsurgical splitting of D 7 (Day 7) bovine embryos and to test the conception rate after subsequent transfer of female demi-embryos. High-quality morulae ( n = 100) and early blastocysts ( n = 123) obtained from superovulated donors were micro - surgically bisected and blastomeres biopsied from one half of bisected embryos were analysed by PCR using specific primers for the Y-chromosome determinant. The female demi-embryos were transferred (ET) in pairs (bilateral) or individually (ipsilateral) to synchronized recipients. Sex determination was successfully completed in 92% of morulae (42.4% female) and 89.4% of early blastocysts (43.6% female). Conception rates were 56.5% (30.4% identical twins) and 48.8% (19.5% identical twins) after bilateral ( n = 46) and ipsilateral ( n = 82) transfers, respectively. The number of foetuses in relation to the number of original embryos before splitting was 40/46 (87%) and 40/41 (97.6%) after bilateral and ipsilateral transfers of demi-embryos, respectively. The results document that the microsurgical bisection in combination with PCR sex analysis represents a rapid and reliable approach to increase an amount of sex-desired calves in embryo transfer programs.

Sex determination in bisected bovine embryos and conception rate after the transfer of female demi-embryos