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effects on a global scale (newell, 1967; Raup & SepkoSki, 1982). The P/T extinction event was the most severe biotic crisis in the history of life on Earth (Raup , 1979; Raup & SepkoSki, 1982; eRwin, 1993, 2006), not only in terms of taxonomic losses, but also in terms of the drastic reorganization of marine ecosystems (eRwin, 2006; wagneR, koSnik, & liDgaRD, 2006). The subsequent recovery of ecosystems was slow, compared with other extinction events (eRwin, 1998), and did not end until Middle Triassic times (eRwin, 1993; benton, 2003). From a paleoecologic viewpoint, bivalves (together with brachiopods, although the latter were disproportionally decimated) were the main shelled invertebrates to use both epifaunal and infaunal strategies during the recovery of the P/T (bottjeR & others, 2001). Bivalves became the dominant shelled marine invertebrates in benthic communities during the earliest Triassic, replacing the role previously played by brachiopods (FRaiSeR & bottjeR, 2007), although their abundance had already considerably increased during the late Permian (ClaphaM & bottjeR, 2007). A bivalve diversification phase began during the Anisian, early Middle Triassic, and continued into the Late Triassic (with a diversity peak during the Norian), when extinction played an important role once more (MCRobeRtS, 2001; RoS, 2009). The T/J extinction event was less important than the previous one, and, according to baMbaCh, knoll, and wang (2004) and luCaS and tanneR (2008), it unfolded during the entire Late Triassic. These authors concluded that it reflects high INTRODUCTION

Treatise Online no. 39: Part N, Revised, Volume 1, Chapter 25: Early Triassic–Early Jurassic bivalve diversity dynamics