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common and very toxic pollutant introduced into natural waters from a variety of industrial wastewaters (Donmez and Aksu, 2002). Hexavalent chromium, primarily present in the form of chromate (CrO4 ) and dichromate (Cr2O7 ), poses significantly higher levels of toxicity than the other valence states (Sharma and Forster, 1995). The recommended limit of Cr(VI) in potable water is only 0.05 mg/L (Baran et al., 2006). Studies reveal that human exposure to water contaminated with hexavalent chromium leads to gastrointestinal and dermatological complaints and abnormal hematological functions (de Brito et al., 2004). Thus treatment of the effluent to reduce or remove the pollutant before discharging into the environment becomes imperative (Baral, Dasa, and Rath, 2006; Debnath and Ghosh, 2008). A number of methods have been developed for the removal of Cr(VI) from wastewater, such as chemical precipitation (Jamalledin and Husein, 2008), ion exchange (Erden, Karapinar, and Donat, 2004), electrodialysis (Velizarova, Ribeiro, and Ottosen, 2002), and reverse osmosis (Zou et al., 2009). However, these methods suffer from disadvantages such as the generation of large volumes of sludge, and high capital investment and running costs (Ahalya, Ramachandra, and Kanamadi, 2003). Adsorption is a technique that would be more viable and economical (Rodrigues and Silva, 2009). Several adsorbents have been developed and tested, ranging from low-cost materials such as coffee husk (Ahalya, Kanamadi, and Ramachandra, 2010), cow dung (Das et al., 2000), coconut shell (Alaerts, Jitjaturunt, and Kelderman, 1989), rice husk carbon (Srinivasan, Balasubramanian, and Ramakrishna, 1988), neem oil cake (Srinivasan and Hema, 2009), coconut oil cake (Hema and Srinivasan, 2010), mustard oil cake (Rao, Khan, and Jeon, 2010), fertilizer waste (Srivastava, Gupta, and Mohan, 1996; Gupta, Rastogi, and Nayak, 2010), green algae (Gupta, Srivastava, and Jain, 2001), butter oil cake (Rukmangathan and Kumar, 2009), jatropha oil cake (Umesh et al., 2007), olive oil cake (Dakiki et al., 2002), and soya cake (Daneshwar, Salari, and Aber, 2002) to more sophisticated adsorbents such as zeolites (Groffman, Peterson, and Brookins, 1992), carbon cloths (Kadirvelu, Faur-Brasquet, and le Cloirec, 2000), carbon aerogels (Kadirvelu, Goel, and Rajagopal, 2008), cotton stalks (Li, Zheng, and Li, 2010), graphene layers (Machida, Mochimaru, and Tatsumoto, 2006), polymers (Pandey, Anupam., and Ray, 2009), carbon fibres (Park and Jung, 2001), and carbon nanotubes (Perez-Aguilar et al., 2010). The objective of the present study is to investigate the adsorption potential of carbons derived from gingelly oil cake (GOC) by thermal, sulphuric acid, and zinc chloride activation for the removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions and chrome plating wastewater and to compare the performance of the carbons with commercial activated carbon. The optimum adsorption conditions were Evaluation of chromium (VI) removal by carbons derived from Sesamum indicum oil cake