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RESUMEN En el presente trabajo se aplicaron tecnicas moleculares sobre muestras poco conservadas de pieles depositadas en la coleccion del Museo Regional Monsenor Fagnano, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina, con el objetivo de identificar la especie con la que fueron confeccionadas. Se extrajeron pelos de mantas realizadas con pieles de guanaco (Lama guanicoe) por Selk’nam y de una piel de puma (Puma concolor) procedente de la provincia de Santa Cruz. Ambas muestras se encontraban almacenadas en el Museo Regional Monsenor Fagnano y en la Mision Salesiana Candelaria en Rio Grande, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina. La extraccion de ADN de los fragmentos de pelos de 5mm de longitud se realizo en un buffer de lisis PCR-compatible. Se amplificaron por PCR fragmentos especificos de ADN mitocondrial y se secuenciaron. Las secuencias fueron comparadas con las depositadas en la base de secuencias de nucleotidos del National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) de Estados Unidos. La aplicacion de tecnicas moleculares permitio recuperar secuencias de ADN de muestras de pieles con un estado de conservacion poco optimo para analisis geneticos, pudiendo extenderse a otras fuentes de pelos como las fibras textiles de origen arqueologico de la region. PALABRAS CLAVE: ADN antiguo; pelo; arqueologia ambiental ABSTRACT Molecular techniques were applied to samples from poorly preserved furs deposited in the collection of Monsenor Fagnano Regional Museum in Tierra del Fuego, Argentina, in order to identify the species from which they were made. Hairs were obtained from guanaco leather blankets (Lama guanicoe) and a puma fur (Puma concolor) made by Selk'nam from Santa Cruz province. Both samples have been kept in the warehouse of Monsenor Fagnano Regional Museum at the Candelaria Salesian Mission in Rio Grande, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina. For DNA extraction, 5-mm hair strands were digested in a PCR-compatible lysis buffer. Specific mitochondrial DNA fragments were amplified by PCR and sequenced. Nucleotide sequences were compared with those deposited in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), USA: GenBank. The use of molecular techniques allowed us to recover sequences from poorly preserved fur samples. This can be extended to other sources of hairs and fibers of archaeological origin in the area. KEY WORDS : Ancient DNA; hair; environmental archaeology

Información molecular obtenida a partir de pieles de la colección del Museo Regional Fagnano, Río Grande, Tierra del Fuego