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The formation of a new joint between a pathologically enlarged coronoid process and the body of the malar bone is known as Jacob's disease. Hyperplasia of the coronoid process was first described in 1853 by von Langenbeck, and it was not until 1899 when Oscar Jacob described the disease that was named after him. Jacob's disease is an uncommon entity with only a few cases documented in the literature. The condition manifests at first with progressive limitation of the oral opening and facial asymmetry. The pain is infrequent and mainly affects young patients. Temporal muscle hyperactivity, cranial trauma, chronic displacement of the ipsilateral temporomandibular joint, endocrine stimuli and genetic alterations have been postulated as possible factors. The definitive diagnosis is by histopathology and it is necessary that bone hyperplasia is confirmed, as well as the presence of cartilage and synovial capsule forming the new joint between the malar bone and the coronoid process. We present a 10-year-old patient with a history of childhood trauma in the left preauricular region. It presented to our service with a history of progressive limitation of the oral opening. Computed tomography (CT) revealed an elongation of the bilateral coronoid process, in contact with homolateral zygomatic bone, causing its deformation. Surgery under general anesthesia was performed through the intraoral vestibular route. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of Jacob's disease. We review the literature regarding the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of this condition. Hiperplasia bilateral del proceso coronoideo. Reporte de caso clinico con presentacion inusual y revision literaria.La formacion de una nueva articulacion entre un proceso coronoideo agrandado patologicamente y el cuerpo del hueso malar se conoce como enfermedad de Jacob. La hiperplasia del proceso coronoideo fue descrita por primera vez en 1853 por von Langenbeck, y no fue hasta 1899 cuando Oscar Jacob describio la enfermedad que recibio su nombre. La enfermedad de Jacob es poco comun con pocos casos documentados en la literatura. La condicion se manifiesta al principio con una limitacion progresiva de la apertura oral y la asimetria facial. El dolor es poco frecuente y afecta principalmente a pacientes jovenes. Hiperactividad muscular temporal, traumatismo craneal, desplazamiento cronico de la articulacion temporomandibular ipsilateral, estimulos endocrinos y alteraciones geneticas se han postulado como posibles factores.  El diagnostico definitivo se realiza por histopatologia y es necesario confirmar la hiperplasia osea, asi como la presencia de cartilago y capsula sinovial que forman la nueva articulacion entre el hueso malar y el proceso coronoideo. Presentamos a un paciente de 10 anos con antecedentes de trauma infantil en la region preauricular izquierda. El se presento a nuestro servicio con una historia de progresiva limitacion de la apertura oral. La tomografia computarizada (TC) revelo una elongacion del proceso coronoideo bilateral, en contacto con el hueso cigomatico homolateral, causando su deformacion. La cirugia bajo anestesia general se realizo a traves de la via vestibular intraoral. La histopatologia confirmo el diagnostico de enfermedad de Jacob. Revisamos la literatura sobre la etiologia, patogenesis, caracteristicas clinicas, diagnostico y tratamiento de esta condicion.

Bilateral hyperplasia of the coronoid process. Clinical case report with unusual presentation and literary review