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Oral infections are caused by an imbalance in the patient’s indigenous flora which changes from commensal to opportunistic. Odontogenic infections are the most common reason for consultation in children and adolescents. Rational use of antibiotics is the best strategy to avoid microbial resistance. Dental infections should first receive proper local treatment, which can also be complemented with a systemic method.  Appropriate drug selection and dosing should be made. Amoxicilin is the first choice for antimicrobial agents in pediatric dentistry. Clindamycin and clarithromycin are the best alternative for patients with penicillin hypersensibility. In this literature review, the authors intended to establish clear clinical management guidelines for emergency treatment and subsequent final resolution. Keywords: Antibiotics, microbial drug resistance, dental focal infection, children and adolescents. Terapias antimicrobianas en infecciones odontogenicas en ninos y adolescentes. Revision de la literatura y recomendaciones para la clinica. Resumen: Las infecciones bucales son producidas por un desequilibrio de la flora indigena del paciente que pasa de comensal a oportunista. Las consultas mas frecuentes  en ninos y adolescentes son las infecciones odontogenicas. El uso racional de antibioticos, es la estrategia mas importante para evitar la resistencia microbiana. Las infecciones dentarias deben recibir en primera instancia el tratamiento local correspondiente y a veces complementarse con tratamiento sistemico seleccionando y dosificando adecuadamente el farmaco. El antimicrobiano de primera eleccion en odontopediatria es la amoxicilina y para pacientes con hipersensibilidad a las penicilinas, se indican claritromicina o clindamicina. Esta revision de la literatura busca establecer pautas de manejo clinico claras para el tratamiento de urgencia y su posterior resolucion definitiva. Palabras clave: Antimicrobianos, farmaco resistencia microbiana, infeccion focal dental, ninos y adolescentes.

Antimicrobial therapies for odontogenic infections in children and adolescents. Literature review and clinical recomendations.