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Results of the analysis of structure and efficiency of use of equity of the largest oil companies of the Russian Federation are presented in article. Dynamics of equity on the largest oil companies of Russia is presented: PJSC Rosneft, PJSC Lukoil, JSC Surgutneftegas, PJSC Gazprom Neft, PJSC Tatneft, PJSC ANC Bashneft. The structure and structure of all capital of the companies and also structure and structure of equity of the oil companies are analysed. Results of calculations have shown that the Russian oil companies are focused on a high share of equity in financing sources though this share and differs on the oil companies. At the same time the retained earnings act as the main source of equity of the oil companies. Indicators of efficiency of use of equity of the oil companies are calculated and analysed. By results of calculations deterioration in turnover of equity in 2016 at most the considered companies, existence of problems with own working capital (except for PJSC Tatneft and JSC Surgutneftegas) and low profitability of equity at the PJSC Rosneft companies, PJSC Lukoil, JSC Surgutneftegas in 2015-2016 is noted. The existing approaches to estimation of cost of equity are considered, including the method of dividends, a method of income (profitable approach), a

ESTIMATION OF COST AND EFFICIENCY OF USE OF EQUITY OF THE OIL COMPANIES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION