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Gall-inducing insect species are capable to escape from defence of host plant species. However, effect of gall-inducing insects on defensive mechanism of host plants is still unclear. The present study was conducted to evaluate the possible chemical changes in the defensive system of Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br. (Gentianales: Apocynaceae) caused by Pseudophacopteron alstonium Yang et Li (Hemiptera: Phacopteronidae) feeding. Total phenolic and tannin, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase and polyphenol oxidase of gall (G) and non-galled (NG) tissues in one leaf, whole leaf with gall (WG) from 1 st to 5 th stages induced by P . alstonium , and un-galled leaves (UL) were measured in laboratory. High levels of secondary metabolites (i.e., total phenolic and tannin) and protective enzymes were detected, which increased sharply during 1 st to 3 rd stages of galls and subsequently decreased when nymph stoped feeding or entered into mature (4 th or 5 th ) stages. The recorded high levels of secondary metabolites and protective enzymes in A. scholaris could be result of defensive response against P. alstonium . The current findings could be helpful for understanding the interaction between plants and gall-formed insects.

turkish journal of entomology

Effect of a gall-inducing psylloid, Pseudophacopteron alstonium Yang et Li (Hemiptera: Phacopteronidae) on defensive chemistry of Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br. (Gentianales: Apocynaceae)