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Background: Autoimmune diseases have been rarely reported in limited setting country. We aimed to investigate the burden, immunological and clinical diagnosis of autoimmune diseases in Burkina Faso. Methods: We prospectively enrolled patients with a suspected autoimmune disease at University Hospital SOURO SANOU, in Bobo Dioulasso, BURKINA FASO, between 2012 and 2014 for this cohort study. Demographic characteristics, clinical manifestations, sera autoantibodies determination and plasma viral and bacteria statuse (HBV, HCV, HIV, and Dengue serotype 1, 2, 3 and 4, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Lyme disease) were determined. All plasma samples were stored at – 80°C when analyzed was not making immediately. Results: During the three year study period, totally 65 patients with suspicion of autoimmune diseases were diagnosed. The referral diagnosis was right in 17/65 patients (26.2%) among patients in the limited setting country (Burkina Faso). The incidence of autoimmune diseases was 17/73950 (0.023%). There were 4/73950 (0.005%) patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 5/73950(0.007%) with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 2/73950 (0.003 %%) with CREST and Polymyositis, 2/73950 (0.003%) with CREST, 1/73950 (0.001%) with Gougerot Sjögren’s syndrome (SSG), 2/73950 (0.003%) with Thyroiditis of Hashimoto and, 1/73950 (0.001%) with sarcoidosis. The median age at the diagnosis of autoimmune diseases were respectively 51 years (28 -75 years) and male to female ratio of 0.06 (1/16). The plasma viral status (HBV, HCV, CMV and HIV, Lyme disease, Dengue serotype 1, 2, 3 and 4) was negative. Mycobacterium tuberculosis’s cases were 3.07%). The immune suppressor’s treatment again autoimmune diseases were not efficient among 2/17 of patients. Conclusion: The referral diagnosis was right in 17/65 (26.2%). The incidence was 17/73950 (0.023%) in the limited setting country (Burkina Faso). There was not a significant associated relation between autoimmune diseases and infection; there was not also significant association between autoimmune diseases and hygienic hypothesis.

autoimmune and infectious diseases

Autoimmune Diseases in Limited Setting Country (Burkina Faso): Epidemiology, Technical and Diagnostic Performance of Specific Biomarkers for the Early Diagnosis