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Background: Plasma levels of tryptophan (TRP) metabolites have not been measured extensively in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: Body mass index (BMI) and plasma levels of various factors such as glucose, lipids and TRP metabolites have been measured in healthy young and old men and women, and patients of T2DM by using the ultrahigh speed liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (Shimadzu Corporation). Results: There are age and gender differences in TRP metabolism. The plasma levels of 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTRP), 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), kynurenic acid (KNA), 3-hydroxykynurenine (3-HKN), and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (3-HAA) were higher in patients of old men of T2DM than healthy old men. Since 5HTRP and 5-HIAA belong to the serotonin pathway, and KNA, 3-HKN, and 3-HAA belong to the KN pathway of TRP metabolism, these pathways were activated more in the patients of T2DM. Since plasma levels of Indole-3-acetic acid were not elevated in T2DM, that pathway was not activated more in T2DM. Although the serotonin pathway was activated more in the patients of T2DM, serotonin (5-HT;5hydoroxytyptamine) levels were not increased compared with those in T2DM patients, which may mean that 5-HT was quickly metabolized to 5-HIAA in the patients of T2DM. Conclusion: There are gender and age differences in TRP metabolism. Plasma levels of many tryptophan metabolites in serotonin and kynurenine pathways increased in T2DM patients compared with those in healthy old men.. Since stress increases these metabolites these results may imply that patients of T2DM are exposed to psycho somatic and oxidative stresses.

Plasma Levels of Tryptophan Metabolites in Healthy Young and Old Men and Women, and Patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM)