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Introduction: One of the commonest yet underrated complications of the hospitalized patients is acute kidney injury (AKI), the incidence of which has been steadily on the rise. Of late it has been observed that Diabetes Mellitus plays an important role not only in the causation but also in influencing the outcome of AKI. However, this burning problem has not been properly highlighted in the literature. As such, it was decided to evaluate the causes and outcome of AKI in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Methods: This single-centric prospective study was conducted at the Medicine department, Silchar Medical College for a period of 1 year i.e. from January 2017 to December 2017. All adult type 2 diabetic patients presenting with AKI were included in the study. The classification of AKI was based on the principles of Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes criteria. The treatment options were conservative and dialysis. The selected cases were followed for 4 weeks for evaluation of outcome which could be one of the three viz. recovery, dialysis dependency or death. Results: The selected cases comprised of 105 type 2 diabetic patients with AKI all of whom were subjected to detailed evaluation. The most common cause of AKI was found to be sepsis (52.4%) and the commonest source being urinary tract infection (65.5%). Only 30.5% patients required dialysis, while 69.5% of the patients were managed conservatively. Eventually 78.1% of the patients recovered, 11.4% had dialysis dependency and the rest comprising 10.5% died. Sepsis was related to all deaths and hemodialysis was performed in all of them. Conclusion: In the background of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, sepsis, whose commonest nidus was urinary tract, was the hallmark of the present study. Recovery rate was 78.1% and outcome was favorable in those who did not require dialysis.

A Critical Analysis of Acute Kidney Injury in the Setting of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus