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In the framework of a larger research programme, Convergence of Sciences (CoS), being implemented by universities in Ghana (Legon), Benin (Cotonou) and the Netherlands (Wageningen), studies were conducted on soil fertility management strategies in Ghana (Wenchi area) and Benin (Savè area). In these regions various soil fertility management strategies were found, including short-tern and longer- term strategies. Both regions are characterised by the presence of natives and various groups of migrants that partly differ in their livelihood strategies. Natives and migrants enter into various tenure relationships, and the arrangements evolved from a more tributary system (including land-for-labour arrangements) to a more monetary system, driven by the increasing monetisation of the economy and the increase in labour opportunities outside agriculture. In general natives claim that the migrants are negatively affecting soil fertility through their cropping practices, while migrants claim that the nature of the tenure arrangement leads to insecurity and leaves them no choice but to mine the soil. Hence there is widespread mistrust between natives and migrants, and the prospects for coming to durable tenurial arrangements that could maintain soil fertility seem constrained. However, recognition of their mutual interdependence could form a basis for the build-up of trust. In this study we highlight the similarities and differences between the Wenchi and Savè areas in terms of livelihood strategies of migrants, soil fertility management practices, and tenurial arrangements. We also indicate the way in which alternative soil fertility management strategies could be effected under different tenurial

Sécurité foncière et gestion de la fertilité des sols : études de cas au Ghana et au Bénin