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Essential oils extracted from the foliage  of Mentha longifolia  (L.) (Lamiales: Lamiaceae) and  Pulicaria gnaphalodes  Ventenat (Asterales: Asteraceae), and flowers of  Achillea wilhelmsii  C. Koch (Asterales: Asteraceae) were tested in the laboratory for volatile toxicity against two storedproduct insects, the flour beetle,  Tribolium castaneum  Herbst (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and the cowpea weevil,  Callosobruchus maculatus  F. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). The chemical composition of the isolated oils was examined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. InM  longifolia,  the major compounds were piperitenon (43.9%), tripal (14.3%), oxathiane (9.3%), piperiton oxide (5.9%), and d-limonene (4.3%). In  P. gnaphalodes,  the major compounds were chrysanthenyl acetate (22.38%), 2L -4L-dihydroxy eicosane (18.5%), verbenol (16.59%), dehydroaromadendrene (12.54%), β-pinen (6.43%), and 1,8 cineol (5.6%). In  A. wilhelmsii,  the major compounds were 1,8 cineole (13.03%), caranol (8.26%), alpha pinene (6%), farnesyl acetate (6%), and p-cymene (6%).  C maculatus  was more susceptible to the tested plant products than  T castaneum.  The oils of the three plants displayed the same insecticidal activity against  C. maculatus  based on LC 50  values (between 1.54µl/L air in  P. gnaphalodes,  and 2.65 µl/L air in  A. wilhelmsii ). While the oils of  A. wilhelmsii  and  M. longifolia  showed the same strong insecticidal activity against  T. castaneum  (LC 50  = 10.02 and 13.05 µl/L air, respectively), the oil of  P. gnaphalodes  revealed poor activity against the insect (LC 50  = 297.9 µl/L air). These results suggested that essential oils from the tested plants could be used as potential control agents for stored-product insects.

journal of insect science

Insecticide Activity of Essential Oils ofMentha longifolia,Pulicaria gnaphalodesandAchillea wilhelmsiiAgainst Two Stored Product Pests, the Flour Beetle,Tribolium castaneum, and the Cowpea Weevil,Callosobruchus maculatus