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Hydrodemetallization (HDM) and subsequent hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of Arabian light (AL) atmospheric residues were performed with a bench-scale unit, and the structure of the asphaltenes obtained from each reaction was characterized. The HDM reaction caused a decrease in the number of aromatic rings, an increase in aromaticity, and a decrease in the number of alkyl side chains, but no formation of naphthenic rings. In contrast, HDS reaction formed naphthenic rings, but their number decreased with an increase of HDS temperature, thus leading to an increase of aromaticity. Using the structural parameters obtained by using a computer program based on the SAAH system developed by Katayama et al., we modeled the structure of asphaltenes after HDM and HDS reactions and found that the aromatic unit structure of AL asphaltenes became coronene-type as hydrotreatings proceed.

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Deactivation of Hydrodesulfurization Catalysts in Two-stage Resid Desulfurization Process. (Part 5). Characterization of Asphaltenes after Hydrodemetallization and Subsequent Hydrodesulfurization Reactions.