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Light olefins such as ethylene and propylene are basic raw materials that are used in the synthesis of various chemicals and are usually produced by steam cracking of naphtha. Production of light olefins from methanol and bio-ethanol using solid catalysts, especially zeolites, has become more important recently because of the increasing concerns about global warming and exhaustion of petroleum resources1),2). Methanol can be produced via synthesis gas (CO/H2) from various carbon sources such as coal, natural gas, and biomass, and ethanol can be obtained by fermentation of biomass. The methanol-to-olefins (MTO) and methanol-togasoline (MTG) processes have been extensively studied in China and the USA3)~12). In Japan, the JGC Corp. and Mitsubishi Chemical Corp. have developed the leading technology for propylene production from dimethyl ether (DTP process) and constructed a demonstration plant13). These processes are known as methanol-to-hydrocarbons (MTH) processes and a great deal of effort has been devoted toward their improvement in recent years. The MTO process likely proceeds via a dual-cycle mechanism, commonly called the hydrocarbon pool mechanism, in which both alkenes and aromatics are treated as important hydrocarbon pool compounds and are methylated with methanol (or dimethyl ether) to give larger hydrocarbons that are subsequently cracked or dealkylated to form lighter alkenes. The alkene-based cycle is predominant over TON type zeolite (ZSM-22) catalyst with 1D straight channels, yielding propylene as the main product. In contrast, the aromatic-based cycle prevails over *BEA type zeolite catalyst with larger 3D 12-MR channels, yielding ethylene and propylene in nearly equal 263 Journal of the Japan Petroleum Institute, 60, (6), 263-276 (2017)

Production of Light Olefins from Methanol and Ethanol Using ZSM-5 Type Zeolite Catalysts