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1. 1. Background Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) is an important process in modern refineries to convert heavier hydrocarbon feedstock such as vacuum gas oil (VGO) into FCC gasoline, which accounts for about 50 % of regular gasoline. In recent years, the demand for heavier fractions such as SLO (slurry oil), which is obtained as a by-product, have decreased, so FCC units must be modified to increase the conversion to lighter fractions like FCC gasoline and to reduce the production of heavier fuel oils. In addition, FCC units must process much heavier feedstocks because crude oil is becoming heavier. Heavier feedstock has lower reactive properties, so FCC units must be modified to deal with heavier fuel oils. New types of FCC unit which can process much heavier feedstock, and remodeling of FCC units to enhance cracking activity have been investigated1),2). However, these developments are costly and so difficult to introduce. Therefore, technologies which do not require the introduction of new equipment or the remodeling of the FCC unit are very desirable for easy and rapid deployment. FCC units must also be designed to reduce the sulfur concentration in regular grade gasoline, which consists mainly of FCC gasoline. Hydrodesulfurization (HDS) is one of the useful techniques for deep sulfur removal in FCC gasoline, but results in lower octane number caused by the hydrogenation of olefin compounds in FCC gasoline. Prevention of such decrease in octane number of FCC gasoline has been investigated3),4). If octane number enhancement can be achieved without remodeling of the FCC equipment, low sulfur gasoline could be produced with the same amount of FCC gasoline. These challenges emphasize the great importance of the improvement of cracking activity and the enhancement of octane number in FCC gasoline. 1. 2. FCC Unit Figure 1 illustrates a typical schematic of the FCC process5), which consists of a fluidized bed reactor (riser), regenerator and fractionators. Preheated fresh feed40 Journal of the Japan Petroleum Institute, 58, (1), 40-45 (2015)

Effect of Mono Aluminum Phosphate as New Matrix Component on Cracking Performance of FCC Catalyst