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The increasing interests in environmental issues have boosted the demand for high efficiency clean fuel, that is, sulfur-free diesel oil or gasoline. This recent tendency has also required improvement in the properties of lubricant oil cleaner and more efficient as well. According to a recent survey1), the total demand for lube base oil has been almost constant during the past two decades, but the demand for high grade base oil (i.e. Group II or III) has gradually increased. Base oils prepared from paraffinic and clean source, such as Fischer_Tropsch (FT) synthesized paraffin, are becoming more attractive as these products mainly consist of noncyclic paraffins and have very high viscosity indexes2). The Gas-to-Liquid project is now being developed all over the world3),4) and high performance lube base oil is expected to be a product from FT wax as well as clean fuel oil. One of the most fundamental structural parameters of base oil is the carbon number distribution, but this parameter is too complicated to relate to the performance of base oil, so the average carbon number was taken as the parameter that represents the size of molecule. Another important structural parameter is the branching of the paraffin molecule. Base oil contains so many isomers that it is impossible to identify all isomers, for example by chromatography. One effective way to measure the branching of base oil is to investigate the CH3 carbon or CH carbon ratio using 13C-NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance). Assuming that there is no quaternary carbon atom, the peaks of 13C-NMR can be assigned to CH, CH2, or CH3 carbon. Considering that base oil consists mainly of noncyclic paraffins, the average branching number can be calculated using the ratio of CH or CH3 with average carbon number.

Viscosity Properties and Molecular Structure of Lube Base Oil Prepared from Fischer-Tropsch Waxes