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Global warming as a result of increased carbon dioxide emissions is continuing despite worldwide efforts. Technology for CO2 separation and recovery from power plant flue gas has been developed as one method to reduce CO2 emissions1). Storage of the recovered CO2 in the depths of the sea or in the earth is possible2), but the optimum target is use as a CO2 resource. Energy consumption in developing countries is expected to increase rapidly with economic growth in the future, so other environmental problems such as air pollution will be aggravated, and energy supply and demand will become restricted. Dimethyl ether (DME : CH3OCH3) is a potential new fuel to cope with these problems. DME does not emit sulfur oxides and soot, and considerably reduces nitrogen oxide emissions, so is considered to be a promising clean fuel for diesel engines, power generation plants and an alternative to liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). DME is produced commercially from methanol (CH3OH) by dehydration. However, direct DME synthesis methods have recently been advanced using syngas (mixture of CO, H2) from various sources such as coal gasification, steam reforming of natural gas and biomass gasification3). Direct DME synthesis from CO2 and H2 is also possible. Suitable catalysts have been investigated, adequate catalyst durability for practical use has not been achieved4)~6). Our previous studies of the direct synthesis of DME from CO2 and H2 have shown that a CuO_ZnO_Al2O3_ Ga2O3_MgO catalyst has high activity and durability for methanol synthesis from CO2 and H2, and that a ZrO2・Al2O3 catalyst has higher activity for methanol dehydration to DME than γ-Al2O3 which is usually used for conventional methanol dehydration to DME8). The present study investigated various hybrid catalysts based on the methanol synthesis catalyst, CuO_ZnO_Al2O3_Ga2O3_MgO, and the methanol dehydration catalyst, γ-Al2O3 or ZrO2・Al2O3, for direct DME synthesis from CO2 and H2. Here we report the activity and durability of such hybrid catalysts.

journal of the japan petroleum institute

Dimethyl Ether Synthesis from Carbon Dioxide by Catalytic Hydrogenation (Part 2) Hybrid Catalyst Consisting of Methanol Synthesis and Methanol Dehydration Catalysts