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The infants and children subjected to this study consisted of 21 cases with ventricular septal defect, 9 cases with atrial septal defect, 3 cases with patent ductus arteriosus, one case with partial anomalous pulmonary venous return and 3 cases with the innocent murmurs (cf. Tables 1 and 2). The right-heart catheterization was performed in all the cases according to the conventional Fick procedure, under the generalized anesthesia with sodium thiopen thotal and the premedication with atropine sulfate and pethidin hydrochloride. Indocyanine green (Diagnogreen_??_: Daiichi Seiyaku Co. Ltd.) was used as an indicator. By using a cardiac catheter, 2-5mg of the indicator were injected into the pulmonary artery (49 curves), right ventricle (12 curves), right atrium (15 curves), left atrium (7 curves) or inferior vena caves (3 curves). Immediately after the injection of the indicator, 5-10ml of 500glucose solution were infused rapidly through the same catheter. Eighteen curves were obtained after the peripheral injection of the indicator in such a way that 5-10mg of the indicator were given into basilic, cephalic or dorsal metacarpal veins, immediately followed by a rapid infusion of 15-20ml of 5% glucose solution. The dye-dilution curves were recorded by means of the Earpiece Dye-Densitograph (Erma: DDGEN 6).

Earpiece Dye-dilution Technics for Estimation of the Left-to-right Shunt in Infants and Children