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Low birth weight has been associated with cardiovascular diseases.  The waist-to-height ratio is a good indicator of risks for these diseases.  The objective of this study was to examine the associations between birth weight and adult waist-to-height ratio in a Japanese population.  A cross-sectional study, comprised of 851 subjects (401 men and 450 women) aged 35-62 years who were born at full term, was conducted at a medical checkup.  The subjects responded to a questionnaire about weight at birth, and data on physical characteristics were collected from the results of the medical checkup.  The subjects were stratified with sex and a Body Mass Index of 25 kg/m(2) to elucidate the effects of birth weight on adult waist-to-height ratio.  Analysis of covariance was used to compare the physical condition among the 4 birth weight categories.  After adjusting for age, alcohol consumption, smoking status and exercise, the height was significantly lower in the birth weight &lt; 2,500 g category among men (P &lt; 0.001) and women (P &lt; 0.001), while the waist-to-height ratio was significantly higher in the birth weight &lt; 2,500 g category, compared with the &gt; 3,500 g category in the non-obese women (P = 0.004), but not in the obese women.  In conclusion, low birth weight was independently associated with a low adult height among men and women and with a high adult waist-to-height ratio among non-obese women.  Our results suggest that intrauterine environmental insults might lead to accumulation of visceral fat among non-obese women.

Association between Low Birth Weight and High Adult Waist-to-Height Ratio in Non-Obese Women: A Cross-sectional Study in a Japanese Population