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The use of elevated temperatures or heat treatments for managing insect pests in food-processing facilities is becoming a popular alternative to methyl bromide fumigation. We found that young larvae (Þrst instars) of red ßour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), were relatively more tolerant to elevated temperatures than eggs, old larvae, pupae, and adults. Our objective was to determine whether heat shock proteins (HSPs) confer thermotol- erance inT.castaneum life stages. Western blot analyses by using HSP 70 antibody showed constitutive expression of HSP 70 in all stages of T. castaneum. However, the expression of HSP 70 in young larvae increased by 33%, after the larvae were exposed to 40C for 1 h. The expression of HSP 70 in other stages did not vary signiÞcantly, but for eggs the expression of HSP 70 showed signiÞcant reduction at 40C. Young larvae possessed two distinct HSPs with molecular masses of 70 and 24 kDa, both recognized by a monoclonal anti-bovine brain HSP 70 antibody. Our study suggests that increased thermotolerance in young larvae could be due to increased expression of HSP 70 at higher temper- atures. Time- and temperature-dependent expression of HSP 70 showed that the increased thermo- tolerance in young larvae might last as long a s8ha t 40C or 30 min at 46C.

annals of the entomological society of america

Changes in Expression of Heat Shock Proteins in &lt;I&gt;Tribolium castaneum&lt;/I&gt; (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) in Relation to Developmental Stage, Exposure Time, and Temperature